A Review Of Birefringent Crystal
A Review Of Birefringent Crystal
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各向异性透明晶体如方解石、石英等的折射率，是其固有的特性，称为永久双折射。
The lower area with the Michel-Levy chart (x-axis) marks the orders of retardation in multiples of approximately 550 nanometers. The realm among zero and 550 nanometers is named the primary purchase of polarization colours, along with the magenta shade that happens during the 550 nanometer region is usually termed very first-buy crimson.
For an arbitrary angle θ amongst propagation way and optical axis, one particular can discover two linear polarization Instructions exhibiting diverse refractive indices. The first 1 is perpendicular to your k vector and also the optical axis; below, we have the common index no, and this kind of wave is known as an ordinary wave.
On the list of rays passing as a result of an anisotropic crystal obeys the legal guidelines of regular refraction, and travels While using the identical velocity in each direction through the crystal. This light-weight ray is termed the common ray. Another ray travels having a velocity that is dependent on the propagation course within the crystal, and is particularly termed the amazing ray.
Mild getting into an isotropic crystal is refracted at a constant angle and passes through the crystal at only one velocity without the need of staying polarized by conversation While using the Digital components of your crystalline lattice.
Calcite along with other anisotropic crystals act as if they were being isotropic elements (for example glass) below these situation. The optical path lengths of The sunshine rays emerging through more info the crystal are identical, and there is no relative section change.
Determine 7 illustrates a birefringent (anisotropic) crystal placed concerning two polarizers whose vibration directions are oriented perpendicular to each other (and lying in Instructions indicated via the arrows beside the polarizer and analyzer labels).
即使是各向同性介质，也会由于存在不均匀的机械应力而产生双折射。这可以在两个交叉偏振器间放置一块有机玻璃观察：当施加应力到有机玻璃上，可以看到由于应力诱导的与波长相关的双折射效应而产生的彩色图像。
Another polarization path is perpendicular to that and to the k vector. The latter provides a refractive index which is mostly not the amazing index ne, but a somewhat a mix of ne and no. This can be calculated with the following equation:
Birefringence could be the house of some transparent optical products the refractive index is determined by the polarization route �?which is described since the direction of the electrical area.
Clear crystalline supplies are usually classified into two categories defined by the number of optical axes current inside the molecular lattices. Uniaxial crystals have just one optical axis and comprise the most important spouse and children of widespread birefringent specimens, which include calcite, quartz, and purchased artificial or biological structures. Another major course is biaxial crystals, which might be birefringent products that characteristic two unbiased optical axes.
Alternatively, by measuring the refractive indices of the anisotropic specimen and calculating their variance (the birefringence), the interference shade(s) could be determined from the birefringence values together the top of the chart. By extrapolating the angled strains again into the ordinate, the thickness of your specimen will also be believed.
The procedure lets segregation of one refractive index for measurement. Subsequently, the remaining refractive index of the birefringent content can then be measured by rotation of the polarizer by ninety levels.
尽管光纤本身不具有双折射，光纤光学中常常遇到双折射效应：有时双折射来自于光纤弯曲（引起弯曲损耗）和随机扰动。并且还存在保偏光纤。
When a beam is refracted in the surface area of the birefringent crystal, the refraction angle relies on the polarization direction. An unpolarized light beam can then be split into two linearly polarized beams when hitting surfaces of the fabric with non-normal incidence (